1
The World Bank. Breaking the Conflict Trap: Civil War and Development Policy. 2003. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/13938/567930PUB0brea10Box353739B01PUBLIC1.pdf?sequence=1
2
DeRouen. Chapter 1 : Introduction. An Introduction to Civil Wars. CQ Press 2014.
3
Monty G. Marshall, Gabrielle Elzinga-Marshall. Global Report 2017: Conflict, Governance, and State Fragility. 2017.
4
Thomas Plümper and Eric Neumayer. The Unequal Burden of War: The Effect of Armed Conflict on the Gender Gap in Life Expectancy. 2006;60:723–54.
5
Gurr TR. Peoples versus States: Minorities at Risk in the New Century. Washington, D.C.: United States Institute of Peace Press 2000.
6
Metta Spencer. New Wars and Old: An Interview with Mary Kaldor. 2015;31.
7
Walter BF. The New New Civil Wars. Annual Review of Political Science. 2017;20.
8
Wolff S. Chapter 1: ‘The Human Dimension: Facts, Figures, and Stories of Ethnic Conflict’ of Ethnic Conflict: A Global Perspective. Ethnic conflict: a global perspective. Oxford: Oxford University Press 2006.
9
Lupu N, Peisakhin L. The Legacy of Political Violence across Generations. American Journal of Political Science. 2017;61:836–51. doi: 10.1111/ajps.12327
10
Scherrer CP. Towards a Comprehensive Analysis of Ethnicity and Mass Violence: Types, Dynamics, Characteristics and Trends [in] Ethnicity and intra-state conflict. In: Wiberg H, Scherrer CP, eds. Ethnicity and intra-state conflict. Aldershot, Hants, England: Ashgate 1999.
11
Sambanis N. What Is Civil War?: Conceptual and Empirical Complexities of an Operational Definition. Journal of Conflict Resolution. 2004;48:814–58. doi: 10.1177/0022002704269355
12
Boyle MJ. Progress and Pitfalls in the Study of Political Violence. Terrorism and Political Violence. 2012;24:527–43. doi: 10.1080/09546553.2012.700608
13
Lake DA, Rothchild DS. Spreading fear: the genesis of transnational ethnic conflict [in] The international spread of ethnic conflict: fear, diffusion, and escalation. The international spread of ethnic conflict: fear, diffusion, and escalation. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press 1998.
14
Demmers J. Chapter 1 ‘Identity, Boundaries and Violence’. Theories of violent conflict: an introduction. London: Routledge 2012.
15
Harff B, Gurr TR. Chapter 5:  "A Framework for Analysis of Ethnopolitical Mobilization and Conflict”. Ethnic conflict in world politics. Boulder, Colo: Westview 2004.
16
Paul Collier and Anke Hoeffler. Greed and Grievance in Civil War. Oxford Economic Papers. 2004;56:563–95.
17
Varshney A. ‘Ethnicity and Ethnic Conflict’ [in] The Oxford handbook of comparative politics. The Oxford handbook of comparative politics. Oxford: Oxford University Press 2007.
18
James D. Fearon                        ,                    David D. Laitin. Violence and the Social Construction of Ethnic Identity. International Organization. 2000;54:845–77.
19
Gurr TR. Chapter 3: ‘The Etiology of Ethnopolitical Conflict’ of Peoples versus States: Minorities at Risk in the New Century. Peoples versus states. U.S. Inst. of Peace Press 2000.
20
Berdal M. Beyond Greed and Grievance?– And Not Too Soon …. Review of International Studies. 2005;31:687–98.
21
Paul Collier, Anke Hoeffler and Dominic Rohner. Beyond Greed and Grievance: Feasibility and Civil War. 2009;61:1–27.
22
Theuerkauf UG. Institutional Design and Ethnic Violence: Do Grievances Help to Explain Ethnopolitical Instability? Civil Wars. 2010;12:117–39. doi: 10.1080/13698249.2010.486121
23
David Keen. Greed and Grievance in Civil War. International Affairs. Published Online First: 2012.
24
Stewart F. Chapter ‘Horizontal Inequalities and Conflict’ in Elgar handbook of civil war and fragile states. Elgar handbook of civil war and fragile states. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar 2012.
25
Buhaug et al. Square Pegs in Round Holes: Inequalities, Grievances, and Civil War. International Studies Quarterly. Published Online First: 2014.
26
Denny EK, Walter BF. Ethnicity and Civil War. Journal of Peace Research. 2014;51:199–212. doi: 10.1177/0022343313512853
27
Siroky D, Hechter M. Ethnicity, Class, and Civil War: The Role of Hierarchy, Segmentation, and Cross-Cutting Cleavages. Civil Wars. 2016;18:91–107. doi: 10.1080/13698249.2016.1145178
28
Gagnon VP. Serbia’s Road to War. Journal of Democracy. 1994;5:117–31. doi: 10.1353/jod.1994.0024
29
Karen Ballentine, Heiko Nitzschke. Beyond Greed and Grievance: Policy Lessons from Studies in the Political Economy of Armed Conflict. 2003.
30
Edward Aspinall. The Construction of Grievance: Natural Resources and Identity in a Separatist Conflict. The Journal of Conflict Resolution. 2007;51:950–72.
31
de Waal A. When Kleptocracy Becomes Insolvent: Brute Causes of the Civil War in South Sudan. African Affairs. 2014;113:347–69. doi: 10.1093/afraf/adu028
32
Humphreys M, Weinstein JM. Who Fights? The Determinants of Participation in Civil War. American Journal of Political Science. 2008;52:436–55. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-5907.2008.00322.x
33
Stathis N. Kalyvas and Matthew Adam Kocher. How ‘Free’ Is Free Riding in Civil Wars? Violence, Insurgency, and the Collective Action Problem. World Politics. 2007;59:177–216.
34
Martha Crenshaw. The Causes of Terrorism. Comparative Politics. 1981;13:379–99.
35
Andrew H. Kydd and Barbara F. Walter. The Strategies of Terrorism. International Security. 2006;31:49–80.
36
Max Abrahms. Why Terrorism Does Not Work. International Security. 2006;31:42–78.
37
Robert A. Pape. The Strategic Logic of Suicide Terrorism. The American Political Science Review. 2003;97:343–61.
38
Sambanis N. Chapter ‘Terrorism and Civil War’ of Terrorism, Economic Development, and Political Openness. Terrorism, economic development, and political openness. New York: Cambridge University Press 2008.
39
Roberts A. Terrorism Research: Past, Present, and Future. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism. 2015;38:62–74. doi: 10.1080/1057610X.2014.976011
40
Goodwin J. A Theory of Categorical Terrorism. Social Forces. 2006;84:2027–46. doi: 10.1353/sof.2006.0090
41
Edward Newman. Exploring the "Root Causes” of Terrorism. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism. Published Online First: 2006.
42
David A. Lake. Rational Extremism: Understanding Terrorism in the Twenty-First Century. Published Online First: 2002.
43
Polo SM, Gleditsch KS. Twisting Arms and Sending Messages. Journal of Peace Research. 2016;53:815–29. doi: 10.1177/0022343316667999
44
Abrahms M. The Political Effectiveness of Terrorism Revisited. Comparative Political Studies. 2012;45:366–93. doi: 10.1177/0010414011433104
45
Chenoweth E. Terrorism and Democracy. Annual Review of Political Science. 2013;16:355–78. doi: 10.1146/annurev-polisci-032211-221825
46
Thomas J. Rewarding Bad Behavior: How Governments Respond to Terrorism in Civil War. American Journal of Political Science. 2014;58:804–18. doi: 10.1111/ajps.12113
47
Fortna VP. Do Terrorists Win? Rebels’ Use of Terrorism and Civil War Outcomes. International Organization. 2015;69. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0020818315000089
48
Audrey Kurth Cronin. ISIS Is Not a Terrorist Group. Published Online First: 2015.
49
Sandler T, Enders W. Chapter Economic Consequences of Terrorism in Developed and Developing Countries: An Overview". Terrorism, Economic Development, and Political Openness. New York: Cambridge University Press 2008.
50
Blakeley R. Bringing the state back into terrorism studies. European Political Science. 2007;6:228–35. doi: 10.1057/palgrave.eps.2210139
51
Jackson R, Murphy E, Poynting S. Contemporary state terrorism: theory and practice. London: Routledge 2010.
52
Jackson R, Pisoiu D, editors. Contemporary debates on terrorism. Second edition. London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group 2018.
53
Afxentiou A. A history of drones: moral(e) bombing and state terrorism. Critical Studies on Terrorism. 2018;11:301–20. doi: 10.1080/17539153.2018.1456719
54
Blakeley R. State terrorism and neoliberalism: the North in the South. Abingdon: Routledge 2011.
55
Blakeley R. Drones, state terrorism and international law. Critical Studies on Terrorism. 2018;11:321–41. doi: 10.1080/17539153.2018.1456722
56
Blakeley R, Raphael S. British torture in the ‘war on terror’. European Journal of International Relations. 2017;23:243–66. doi: 10.1177/1354066116653455
57
Boyle MJ. Progress and Pitfalls in the Study of Political Violence. Terrorism and Political Violence. 2012;24:527–43. doi: 10.1080/09546553.2012.700608
58
Chomsky N. International Terrorism: Image and Reality. 1991. https://chomsky.info/199112__02/
59
Dexter H. Terrorism and violence: another violence is possible? Critical Studies on Terrorism. 2012;5:121–37. doi: 10.1080/17539153.2012.659920
60
Erlenbusch V. How (not) to study terrorism. Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy. 2014;17:470–91. doi: 10.1080/13698230.2013.767040
61
George A. Western state terrorism. Cambridge: Polity Press 1991.
62
Jackson R. The ghosts of state terror: knowledge, politics and terrorism studies. Critical Studies on Terrorism. 2008;1:377–92. doi: 10.1080/17539150802515046
63
Jackson R. Unknown knowns: the subjugated knowledge of terrorism studies. Critical Studies on Terrorism. 2012;5:11–29. doi: 10.1080/17539153.2012.659907
64
Jarvis L, Lister M. State terrorism research and critical terrorism studies: an assessment. Critical Studies on Terrorism. 2014;7:43–61. doi: 10.1080/17539153.2013.877669
65
Poynting S, Whyte D, editors. Counter-terrorism and state political violence: the ‘war on terror’ as terror. London: Routledge 2013.
66
Westra L. Faces of State Terrorism. Leiden: BRILL 2012.
67
Burnett J, Whyte D. Embedded Expertise and the New Terrorism. Journal for Crime, Conflict and the Media. 2005;1.
68
Jackson R. Language, Policy and the Construction of a Torture Culture in the War on Terrorism. Review of International Studies. 2007;33. doi: 10.1017/S0260210507007553
69
FRIIS SM. ‘Beyond anything we have ever seen’: beheading videos and the visibility of violence in the war against ISIS. International Affairs. 2015;91:725–46. doi: 10.1111/1468-2346.12341
70
Ahmad J. A shifting enemy: analysing the BBC’s representations of "al-Qaeda” in the aftermath of the September 11                              2001 attacks. Critical Studies on Terrorism. 2016;9:433–54. doi: 10.1080/17539153.2016.1213049
71
Beinin J. Is Terrorism a Useful Term in Understanding the Middle East and the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict? Radical History Review. 2003;2003:12–23. doi: 10.1215/01636545-2003-85-12
72
Burke J. Al-Qaeda: the true story of radical Islam. 3rd ed. London: Penguin Books 2007.
73
Noam Chomsky. Pirates and Emperors, Old and New: International Terrorism in the Real World. 2nd ed. Pluto Press 2016.
74
Cottle S. Chapter 8: ‘From “Terrorism” to the “Global War on Terror”: The Media Politics of Outrage’. Mediatized conflict: developments in media and conflict studies. Maidenhead, Berkshire, England: Open University Press 2006.
75
Freedman D, Thussu DK. Media and terrorism: global perspectives. London: SAGE 2012.
76
Gerges FA. The Rise and Fall of Al-Qaeda. New York, NY: Oxford University Press 2014.
77
Gerges FA. The rise and fall of Al-Qaeda. New York, NY: Oxford University Press 2014.
78
Gerges FA. ISIS and the Third Wave of Jihadism. Current History. 2014;113:339–43.
79
Gerges FA. ISIS: a history. Princeton: Princeton University Press 2016.
80
Gerhards J, Schafer MS. International Terrorism, Domestic Coverage? How Terrorist Attacks Are Presented in the News of CNN, Al Jazeera, the BBC, and ARD. International Communication Gazette. 2014;76:3–26. doi: 10.1177/1748048513504158
81
Gregory D. The Colonial Present: Afghanistan, Palestine, Iraq. Blackwell 2004.
82
Hoffman B. Rethinking Terrorism and Counterterrorism Since 9/11. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism. 2002;25:303–16. doi: 10.1080/105761002901223
83
Jackson R. Writing the War on Terrorism: Language, Politics, and Counter-Terrorism. Manchester: Manchester University Press 2005.
84
Jackson R, Pisoiu D, editors. Contemporary debates on terrorism. Second edition. London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group 2018.
85
Haspeslagh S. "Listing terrorists”: the impact of proscription on third-party efforts to engage armed groups in peace processes – a practitioner’s perspective. Critical Studies on Terrorism. 2013;6:189–208. doi: 10.1080/17539153.2013.765706
86
Hülsse R, Spencer A. The Metaphor of Terror: Terrorism Studies and the Constructivist Turn. Security Dialogue. 2008;39:571–92. doi: 10.1177/0967010608098210
87
Miller D, Mills T. The Terror Experts and the Mainstream Media: The Expert Nexus and Its Dominance in the News Media. Critical Studies on Terrorism. 2009;2:414–37. doi: 10.1080/17539150903306113
88
Norris P, Kern M, Just MR. Framing Terrorism: The News Media, the Government, and the Public. New York, N.Y.: Routledge 2003.
89
Said EW. The Essential Terrorist | The Nation. 1986. http://www.thenation.com/article/essential-terrorist/
90
Mark Sedgwick. Al-Qaeda and the Nature of Religious Terrorism. Published Online First: 2004.
91
Sabir R. Blurred lines and false dichotomies: Integrating counterinsurgency into the UK’s domestic ‘war on terror’. Critical Social Policy. 2017;37:202–24. doi: 10.1177/0261018316683471
92
Erin Steuter, Deborah Wills. ‘The Vermin Have Struck Again’: Dehumanizing the Enemy in Post 9/11 Media Representations. Media, War & Conflict. Published Online First: 2010.
93
Yassin-Kassab R, Al-Shami L. Burning country: Syrians in revolution and war. London: Pluto Press 2016.
94
Cottle S. Chapter 5: ‘War Journalism: Disembodied and Embedded’ in Mediatized conflict: developments in media and conflict studies. Mediatized conflict: developments in media and conflict studies. Maidenhead, Berkshire, England: Open University Press 2006.
95
Ryan M, Switzer L. Propaganda and the Subversion of Objectivity: Media Coverage of the War on Terrorism in Iraq. Critical Studies on Terrorism. 2009;2:45–64. doi: 10.1080/17539150902752721
96
Ahmad J. A Shifting Enemy: Analysing the BBC’s Representations of "al-Qaeda” in the Aftermath of the September 11th 2001 Attacks. Critical Studies on Terrorism. 2016;9:433–54. doi: 10.1080/17539153.2016.1213049
97
Ahmad MI. The Magical Realism of Body Counts: How Media Credulity and Flawed Statistics Sustain a Controversial Policy. Journalism. Published Online First: 2015. doi: 10.1177/1464884915593237
98
Bahador B. Did the Global War on Terror end the CNN effect? Media, War & Conflict. 2011;4:37–54. doi: 10.1177/1750635210396123
99
W. Lance Bennett, Regina G. Lawrence, Steven Livingston. None Dare Call It Torture: Indexing and the Limits of Press Independence in the Abu Ghraib Scandal. Journal of Communication. Published Online First: 2006.
100
Carruthers SL. The Media at War. 2nd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan 2011.
101
Entman RM. Cascading Activation: Contesting the White House’s Frame After 9/11. Political Communication. 2003;20:415–32. doi: 10.1080/10584600390244176
102
Fisk R. The Great War for Civilisation: The Conquest of the Middle East. First Vintage books edition. New York: Vintage Books, a division of Random House, Inc 2007.
103
Gilboa E. Global Television News and Foreign Policy: Debating the CNN Effect. International Studies Perspectives. 2005;6:325–41. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-3577.2005.00211.x
104
GILBOA E. The CNN Effect: The Search for a Communication Theory of International Relations. Political Communication. 2005;22:27–44. doi: 10.1080/10584600590908429
105
Eytan Gilboa, Maria Gabrielsen Jumbert, Jason Miklian, et al. Moving Media and Conflict Studies beyond the CNN Effect. Published Online First: 2016.
106
Daniel C. Hallin. The Media, the War in Vietnam, and Political Support: A Critique of the Thesis of an Oppositional Media. Published Online First: 1984.
107
Virgil Hawkins. Media Selectivity and the Other Side of the CNN Effect: The Consequences of Not Paying Attention to Conflict. Media, War & Conflict. Published Online First: 2011.
108
Herman ES, Chomsky N. Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media. New York: Pantheon 2002.
109
Hoskins A, O’Loughlin B. War and Media: The Emergence of Diffused War. Cambridge: Polity Press 2010.
110
Deepa Kumar. Media, War, and Propaganda: Strategies of Information Management During the 2003 Iraq War. Communication & Critical/Cultural Studies. Published Online First: 2006.
111
Lewis J. Television, Public Opinion and the War in Iraq: The Case of Britain. International Journal of Public Opinion Research. 2004;16:295–310. doi: 10.1093/ijpor/edh026
112
Livingston S, Eachus T. Humanitarian Crises and US Foreign Policy: Somalia and the CNN Effect Reconsidered. Political Communication. 1995;12.
113
Mermin J. Television News and American Intervention in Somalia: The Myth of a Media-Driven Foreign Policy. Political Science Quarterly. 1997;112. doi: 10.2307/2657563
114
Miller D. Tell Me Lies: Propaganda and Media Distortion in the Attack on Iraq. London: Pluto 2004.
115
Murray C, Parry K, Robinson P, et al. Reporting Dissent in Wartime: British Press, the Anti-War Movement and the 2003 Iraq War. European Journal of Communication. Published Online First: 2008. doi: 10.1177/0267323107085836
116
Robinson P. The CNN Effect: The Myth of News, Foreign Policy, and Intervention. London: Routledge 2002.
117
Philip Seib. Hegemonic No More: Western Media, the Rise of Al-Jazeera, and the Influence of Diverse Voices. International Studies Review. 2005;7:601–15.
118
Thussu DK, Freedman D. War and the Media: Reporting Conflict 24/7. London: Sage 2003.
119
Sarah Kenyon Lischer. Collateral Damage: Humanitarian Assistance as a Cause of Conflict. International Security. 2003;28:79–109.
120
Narang N. Assisting Uncertainty: How Humanitarian Aid Can Inadvertently Prolong Civil War. International Studies Quarterly. 2015;59:184–95. doi: 10.1111/isqu.12151
121
Abiew FK. Humanitarian Action under Fire: Reflections on the Role of NGOs in Conflict and Post-Conflict Situations. International Peacekeeping. 2012;19:203–16. doi: 10.1080/13533312.2012.665698
122
Barnett MN, Weiss TG. Chapter ‘Humanitarianism: A Brief History of the Present’ in Humanitarianism in question: politics, power, ethics. Humanitarianism in question: politics, power, ethics. Ithaca: Cornell University Press 2008.
123
Weiss TG. Principles, Politics, and Humanitarian Action. Ethics & International Affairs. 1999;13:1–22.
124
Bolesta A. International Development and Assistance: Where Politics Meets Economy. SSRN Electronic Journal. Published Online First: 2004. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.895947
125
Thompson A. Humanitarian Principles Put to the Test: Challenges to Humanitarian Action during Decolonization. International Review of the Red Cross. 2015;97:45–76. doi: 10.1017/S1816383115000636
126
Donini A, Larry Minear, Peter Walker. Between Cooptation and Irrelevance: Humanitarian Action after Iraq. Journal of Refugee Studies. 2004;17:260–72. doi: 10.1093/jrs/17.3.260
127
Fiona Terry. Condemned to Repeat? The Paradox of Humanitarian Action. 2002.
128
Marc Lavergne, Fabrice Weissman. Chapter ‘Sudan: Who Benefits from Humanitarian Aid?’ in In the shadow of “just wars”: violence, politics and humanitarian action. In the shadow of ‘just wars’: violence, politics and humanitarian action. London: Hurst in association with Médecins Sans Frontières 2004.
129
Dijkzeul D, Hilhorsof D. Chapter ‘Instrumentalisation of Aid in Humanitarian Crises: Obstacle or Precondition for Cooperation?’ of  Humanitarianism and Challenges of Cooperation. Humanitarianism and Challenges of Cooperation. 2016.
130
Wood RM, Molfino E. Aiding Victims, Abetting Violence: The Influence of Humanitarian Aid on Violence Patterns During Civil Conflict. Journal of Global Security Studies. 2016;1:186–203. doi: 10.1093/jogss/ogw007
131
Choi S-W, Salehyan I. No Good Deed Goes Unpunished: Refugees, Humanitarian Aid, and Terrorism. Conflict Management and Peace Science. 2013;30:53–75. doi: 10.1177/0738894212456951
132
José Ciro Martínez, Brent Eng. The Unintended Consequences of Emergency Food Aid: Neutrality, Sovereignty and Politics in the Syrian Civil War, 2012-15. International Affairs. Published Online First: 2016.
133
Narang N. Humanitarian Assistance and the Duration of Peace after Civil War. The Journal of Politics. 2014;76.
134
Narang N, Stanton JA. A Strategic Logic of Attacking Aid Workers: Evidence from Violence in Afghanistan. International Studies Quarterly. 2017;61:38–51. doi: 10.1093/isq/sqw053
135
Betts A. The Normative Terrain of the Global Refugee Regime. Ethics & International Affairs. 2015;29:363–75. doi: 10.1017/S0892679415000350
136
Andersson R. Europe’s Failed ‘Fight’ against Irregular Migration: Ethnographic Notes on a Counterproductive Industry. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies. 2016;42:1055–75. doi: 10.1080/1369183X.2016.1139446
137
Branch A. Humanitarianism, Violence, and the Camp in Northern Uganda. Civil Wars. 2009;11:477–501. doi: 10.1080/13698240903403857
138
Kaiser T. Dispersal, Division and Diversification: Durable Solutions and Sudanese Refugees in Uganda. Journal of Eastern African Studies. 2010;4:44–60. doi: 10.1080/17531050903550116
139
Theidon K. Justice in Transition. Journal of Conflict Resolution. 2006;50:433–57. doi: 10.1177/0022002706286954
140
Milner J. Introduction: Understanding Global Refugee Policy. Journal of Refugee Studies. 2014;27:477–94. doi: 10.1093/jrs/feu032
141
Barutciski M. Tensions Between the refugee concept and the IDP debate. 1998.
142
Zetter R. More Labels, Fewer Refugees: Remaking the Refugee Label in an Era of Globalization. Journal of Refugee Studies. 2007;20:172–92. doi: 10.1093/jrs/fem011
143
Betts A. Survival Migration: A New Protection Framework |. 2010. http://journals.rienner.com/doi/abs/10.5555/ggov.2010.16.3.361
144
Terry F. Condemned to Repeat?: The Paradox of Humanitarian Action. Ithaca: Cornell University Press 2002.
145
Milner J, Loescher G. Responding to Protracted Refugee Situations: Lessons from a Decade of Discussion. 2011.
146
Cuttitta P. Repoliticization Through Search and Rescue? Humanitarian NGOs and Migration Management in the Central Mediterranean. Geopolitics. 2018;23:632–60. doi: 10.1080/14650045.2017.1344834
147
Davies T, Isakjee A, Dhesi S. Violent Inaction: The Necropolitical Experience of Refugees in Europe. Antipode. 2017;49:1263–84. doi: 10.1111/anti.12325
148
Agier M. Managing the Undesirables: Refugee Camps and Humanitarian Government. Cambridge: Polity 2011.
149
Werker E. Refugee Camp Economies. Journal of Refugee Studies. 2007;20:461–80. doi: 10.1093/jrs/fem001
150
Bulley D. Inside the Tent: Community and Government in Refugee Camps. Security Dialogue. 2014;45:63–80. doi: 10.1177/0967010613514788
151
Hilhorst D, Jansen BJ. Humanitarian Space as Arena: A Perspective on the Everyday Politics of Aid. Development and Change. 2010;41:1117–39. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7660.2010.01673.x
152
UN High Commissioner for Refugees. Policy on Alternatives to Camps. 2014. https://cms.emergency.unhcr.org/documents/11982/45535/UNHCR+-+Policy+on+alternatives+to+camps/005c0217-7d1e-47c9-865a-c0098cfdda62
153
Kibreab G. When Refugees Come Home: The Relationship Between Stayees and Returnees in Post-Conflict Eritrea. Journal of Contemporary African Studies. 2002;20:53–80. doi: 10.1080/02589000120104053
154
Horst C, Nur AI. Governing Mobility through Humanitarianism in Somalia: Compromising Protection for the Sake of Return. Development and Change. 2016;47:542–62. doi: 10.1111/dech.12233
155
Jolien Tegenbos, Koen Vlassenroot. Going Home? A Systematic Review of the Literature on Displacement, Return and Cycles of Violence. 2018.
156
Wood EJ. Armed Groups and Sexual Violence: When Is Wartime Rape Rare? Politics & Society. 2009;37:131–61. doi: 10.1177/0032329208329755
157
Wood EJ. Conflict-Related Sexual Violence and the Policy Implications of Recent Research. International Review of the Red Cross. 2014;96:457–78. doi: 10.1017/S1816383115000077
158
Alison M. Women as Agents of Political Violence: Gendering Security. Security Dialogue. 2004;35:447–63. doi: 10.1177/0967010604049522
159
Pankhurst D. The ‘Sex War’ and Other Wars: Towards a Feminist Approach to Peace Building. Development in Practice. 2003;13:154–77. doi: 10.1080/0961452032000073152
160
Card C. Rape as a Weapon of War. Hypatia. 1996;11:5–18. doi: 10.1111/j.1527-2001.1996.tb01031.x
161
Diken B, Laustsen CB. Becoming Abject: Rape as a Weapon of War. Body & Society. 2005;11:111–28. doi: 10.1177/1357034X05049853
162
Skjelsbaek I. Sexual Violence and War: European Journal of International Relations. 2001;7:211–37. doi: 10.1177/1354066101007002003
163
Solangon S, Patel P. Sexual Violence against Men in Countries Affected by Armed Conflict. Conflict, Security & Development. 2012;12:417–42. doi: 10.1080/14678802.2012.724794
164
Cohen DK, Nordås R. Sexual Violence in Armed Conflict. Journal of Peace Research. 2014;51:418–28. doi: 10.1177/0022343314523028
165
Schneider G, Banholzer L, Albarracin L. Ordered Rape: A Principal-Agent Analysis of Wartime Sexual Violence in the DR Congo. Violence Against Women. 2015;21:1341–63. doi: 10.1177/1077801215593645
166
Coulter C. Female Fighters in the Sierra Leone War: Challenging the Assumptions? Feminist Review. 2008;88:54–73. doi: 10.1057/palgrave.fr.9400385
167
Henshaw AL. Where Women Rebel. International Feminist Journal of Politics. 2016;18:39–60. doi: 10.1080/14616742.2015.1007729
168
Thomas JL, Bond KD. Women’s Participation in Violent Political Organizations. American Political Science Review. 2015;109:488–506. doi: 10.1017/S0003055415000313
169
Cohen DK. Female Combatants and the Perpetration of Violence: Wartime Rape in the Sierra Leone Civil War. World Politics. 2013;65:383–415. doi: 10.1017/S0043887113000105
170
Sharlach L. Gender and Genocide in Rwanda: Women as Agents and Objects of Genocide. Journal of Genocide Research. 1999;1:387–99. doi: 10.1080/14623529908413968
171
MacKenzie M. Securitization and Desecuritization: Female Soldiers and the Reconstruction of Women in Post-Conflict Sierra Leone. Security Studies. 2009;18:241–61. doi: 10.1080/09636410902900061
172
McLeod L. A Feminist Approach to Hybridity: Understanding Local and International Interactions in Producing Post-Conflict Gender Security. Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding. 2015;9:48–69. doi: 10.1080/17502977.2014.980112
173
Charlesworth H. Are Women Peaceful? Reflections on the Role of Women in Peace-Building. Feminist Legal Studies. 2008;16:347–61. doi: 10.1007/s10691-008-9101-6
174
Goetz AM, Jenkins R. Agency and Accountability: Promoting Women’s Participation in Peacebuilding. Feminist Economics. 2016;22:211–36. doi: 10.1080/13545701.2015.1086012
175
Webel CP, Galtung J. Chapter ‘Introduction: Peace by Peaceful Conflict Transformation – the TRANSCEND Approach’ in Handbook of peace and conflict studies. Handbook of peace and conflict studies. Abingdon: Routledge 2007.
176
Paris R. Saving Liberal Peacebuilding. Review of International Studies. 2010;36:337–65. doi: 10.1017/S0260210510000057
177
Neil Cooper, Mandy Turner, Michael Pugh. The End of History and the Last Liberal Peacebuilder: A Reply to Roland Paris. Published Online First: 2011.
178
Barbara F. Walter. Designing Transitions from Civil War: Demobilization, Democratization, and Commitments to Peace. International Security. 1999;24:127–55.
179
Goodhand J, Walton O. The Limits of Liberal Peacebuilding? International Engagement in the Sri Lankan Peace Process. Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding. 2009;3:303–23. doi: 10.1080/17502970903086693
180
Roger Mac Ginty, Oliver P. Richmond. The Local Turn in Peace Building: A Critical Agenda for Peace. Third World Quarterly. Published Online First: 2013.
181
Thania Paffenholz. Unpacking the Local Turn in Peacebuilding: A Critical Assessment towards an Agenda for Future Research. Third World Quarterly. 2015.
182
Sabine Kurtenbach. Why is Liberal Peacebuilding so Difficult? Some Lessons from Central America. Revista Europea de Estudios Latinoamericanos y del Caribe / European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies. 2010;95–110.
183
Hirblinger AT, Simons C. The Good, the Bad, and the Powerful: Representations of the ‘Local’ in Peacebuilding. Security Dialogue. 2015;46:422–39. doi: 10.1177/0967010615580055
184
Heathershaw J. Towards Better Theories of Peacebuilding: Beyond the Liberal Peace Debate. Peacebuilding. 2013;1:275–82. doi: 10.1080/21647259.2013.783260
185
Rocha Menocal A. State Building for Peace: A New Paradigm for International Engagement in Post-Conflict Fragile States? Third World Quarterly. 2011;32:1715–36. doi: 10.1080/01436597.2011.610567
186
Paris R, Sisk TD. The Dilemmas of Statebuilding: Confronting the Contradictions of Postwar Peace Operations. Abingdon: Routledge 2009.
187
Hartzell CA, Hoddie M. The Art of the Possible: Power Sharing and Post—Civil War Democracy. World Politics. 2015;67:37–71. doi: 10.1017/S0043887114000306
188
Mac Ginty R. Warlords and the Liberal Peace: State-Building in Afghanistan. Conflict, Security & Development. 2010;10:577–98. doi: 10.1080/14678802.2010.500548
189
Toby Dodge. Intervention and Dreams of Exogenous Statebuilding: The Application of Liberal Peacebuilding in Afghanistan and Iraq. Published Online First: 2013.
190
Curtis D. The International Peacebuilding Paradox: Power Sharing and Post-Conflict Governance in Burundi. African Affairs. 2013;112:72–91. doi: 10.1093/afraf/ads080